Golang不是一个纯面向对象的语言，摘自Golang [FAQ](This excerpt taken from Go's answers the question of whether Go is Object Oriented.) ,解释了golang是否为面向对象的语言。
Yes and no. Although Go has types and methods and allows an object-oriented style of programming, there is no type hierarchy. The concept of “interface” in Go provides a different approach that we believe is easy to use and in some ways more general. There are also ways to embed types in other types to provide something analogous—but not identical—to subclassing. Moreover, methods in Go are more general than in C++ or Java: they can be defined for any sort of data, even built-in types such as plain, “unboxed” integers. They are not restricted to structs (classes).
// Define the struct with all fields exported
type employee struct {
firstName, lastName string
totalLeaves, leavesTaken int
}
// Exported method with a receiver of Employee
func (e employee) LeavesRemaining() {
fmt.Printf("%s %s has %d leaves remaining.\n",
e.firstName, e.lastName, (e.totalLeaves - e.leavesTaken))
}
// New function as a Constructor
func New(firstName, lastName string, totalLeaves, leavesTaken int) employee {
e := employee {firstName, lastName, totalLeaves, leavesTaken}
return e
}
// Property of employee
func (e employee) GetFirstName() string {
return e.firstName
}
func (e employee) GetLastName() string {
return e.lastName
}
func (e employee) GetTotal() int {
return e.totalLeaves
}
// author of the post
type author struct {
firstName, lastName string
bio string
}
// get the author full name
func (a author) AuthorName() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", a.firstName, a.lastName)
}
// struct of post, `author` field promoted
// so Post type can use `AuthorName` directly
type Post struct {
Title string
Content string
author
}
func (p Post) Detail() {
fmt.Println("Post:", p.Title)
fmt.Println("Content:", p.Content)
fmt.Println("Author:", p.AuthorName())
fmt.Println("Bio", p.bio)
}
type website struct {
[]post
}
func (w website) contents() {
fmt.Println("Contents of Website\n")
for _, v := range w.posts {
v.details()
fmt.Println()
}
}
编译器会报错：
syntax error: unexpected [, expecting field name or embedded type
// post/website.go
package post
import "fmt"
// define the websites struct which contains posts
type WebSite struct {
Posts []Post
}
// display the website msssage
func (w WebSite) Display() {
fmt.Println("The content of the website:\n")
for _, po := range w.Posts {
po.Detail()
fmt.Println()
}
}
// post/post.go
package post
/* define the post struct */
import (
"fmt"
)
// author of the post
type author struct {
firstName, lastName string
bio string
}
// get the author full name
func (a author) AuthorName() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", a.firstName, a.lastName)
}
func Newauthor(firstName, lastName, bio string) author {
return author{firstName, lastName, bio}
}
// struct of post, `author` field promoted
// so Post type can use `AuthorName` directly
type Post struct {
Title string
Content string
author
}
func NewPost(title, content string, a author) Post {
return Post{title, content, a}
}
func (p Post) Detail() {
fmt.Println("Post:", p.Title)
fmt.Println("Content:", p.Content)
fmt.Println("Author:", p.AuthorName())
fmt.Println("Bio:", p.bio)
}